Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
M.A. Graduate of Nature-based Tourism, Department of Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
2
Department of Geography and Tourism, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
Abstract
1. Introduction
Over the past decade, eco-lodges have emerged as a vital component of rural tourism, particularly in pristine and untouched areas. As small-scale tourism enterprises that leverage local spatial, cultural, and social characteristics—such as indigenous gastronomy, handicrafts, and traditions—these establishments play a critical role in promoting sustainable tourism, extending tourist stays, and fostering rural empowerment. This study assesses the multidimensional impacts of establishing the San-Ik and Gisou-Banou ecotourism resorts on the sustainable development of Kahak and Robat-e Tork villages in Delijan County, Iran, by examining the perceptions and attitudes of the local host community.
2. Methodology
This research utilizes an applied, analytical-survey methodology conducted during 2024-2025. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire, which was validated by experts and demonstrated high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.854). The study population comprised residents over the age of 20 who were directly associated with or impacted by these ecotourism resorts. A sample size of 52 participants was determined using the Morgan table and selected via available random sampling. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests for mean comparisons, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to examine the causal relationships between latent and observed variables regarding rural development.
3. Findings
The results indicate that the establishment of these resorts has yielded significant positive impacts across economic, socio-cultural, environmental, physical-architectural, and managerial dimensions. Key economic benefits include employment generation, poverty reduction, and local product marketing. Socio-cultural impacts involve the preservation of indigenous customs and increased regional security. Environmentally, the resorts have contributed to the protection of historical heritage and improved sanitation. Physically, improvements in home aesthetics and infrastructure were observed. T-test analysis confirmed the significance of all indicators (p < 0.001), with the most influential variables identified as: job creation and access to services (economic), promotion of local culture (socio-cultural), street beautification (physical), and adherence to carrying capacity and environmental regulations (management).
4. Discussion and Conclusion
The findings substantiate that ecotourism resorts serve as powerful catalysts for sustainable rural development. By moving beyond mere economic growth to encompass socio-cultural revitalization and environmental preservation, these resorts provide a platform for holistic regional progress. The study prioritizes the influential factors of ecotourism development, offering a strategic framework for planners and managers to optimize resources and implement effective management policies. Ultimately, the evidence suggests that fostering local participation and integrating environmental safeguards are essential for ensuring the long-term viability and success of rural tourism initiatives.
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