بررسی اثرات توانمندسازی زنان روستایی بر کیفیت زندگی در روستاهای شهرستان پلدختر

Extended abstract:

Introduction

Rural women always face more problems than urban men and women. The economic crisis has also affected them more. Also, studies have shown that women are more exposed to poverty and gender discrimination than men. This issue is due to the fact that women do not have the necessary capabilities and facilities to increase their capabilities. In recent decades, one of the most important strategies presented for rural development in development texts is empowerment, especially the empowerment of rural women in its various dimensions. Depending on the power structure, empowerment can be productive (passive participation) or unproductive (active participation). So that the inequality in the distribution of power causes an imbalance in the opinions and opinions of the areas involved in the management and planning process. So that the change in the power structure in order to fully empower local communities can guarantee their self-reliance for local management.

Research Methodology

This research is an applied research in terms of its purpose, which was carried out in a descriptive-analytical way. The statistical population of the research is made up of households in the villages of Poldokhtar city, which according to the general census of population and housing in 2015 was equal to 7358 households. In order to determine the number of samples, Cochran's formula was used, according to which 365 households were selected as samples. In order to collect information and research data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, whose face and content validity was confirmed by professors and experts, and its reliability was also determined by Cronbach's alpha for the empowerment component with a value of 0.79 and for the The quality of life was 0.81 and the total questionnaire was 0.80, which indicates the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire. Research variables in empowerment include 5 indicators and quality of life includes 6 indicators. In order to analyze the findings of the research, sample t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis were used.

Findings

The results of the descriptive findings showed that 68% of the respondents were men and the remaining 32% were men, and in terms of marital status, 74% of them were married and the remaining 24% were single. In terms of age, the highest percentage of frequency with 27% was assigned to the age group of 41 to 50 years and the lowest percentage of frequency was assigned to the age group above 60 years with 8%. In terms of education level, the highest frequency percentage was related to the education group below diploma with 32% and the lowest frequency percentage was related to the education group of master's degree and above with 14%. In terms of employment, the highest percentage with 27% is assigned to the self-employed group and the lowest percentage with 7% is assigned to retirees.

Discussion and Conclusion

The results of the research findings indicate that the status of rural women's empowerment in Poldokhtar city is unfavorable, because among the five indicators examined, the status of three indicators of skill and development of human resources, economic and institutionalism are in an unfavorable situation, and only two indicators are education and awareness. The sector and society are in a favorable situation. Based on the results obtained, among the factors that caused the empowerment of rural women in the study area to be evaluated as unfavorable are the lack of income of most rural women, lack of financial ability of women to start economic activities, lack of suitable jobs, lack of access to production resources, lack of knowledge of laws and regulations, lack of access to skilled and exceptional workforce, lack of holding classes and training courses related to the creation and development of various businesses, lack of access to counseling, lack of on-the-job training, lack of He pointed out the integration and compatibility between the activities, the lack of entrepreneurial experience in the family and the lack of cooperation of related institutions and organizations. The results of the research findings showed that the quality of life of the villagers is also in an unfavorable situation, and in this regard, the villagers have many problems in the economic, social and physical-spatial fields. The investigation of the relationship between the empowerment of rural women and the indicators of the quality of rural life showed that that there is a direct and significant relationship between empowerment with economic, social, environmental, physical-spatial indicators and individual health and well-being, and it can be said that improving the empowerment of rural women will improve each of the indicators of the quality of life of the villagers And the lack of women's empowerment will eventually lead to a decrease in the quality of life of the villagers. The results of investigating the effects of women's empowerment on the quality of rural life showed that the empowerment of rural women had the greatest impact on the economic variable of the quality of life, and also on the social variable, on the spatial physical variable, on the health and well-being variable, and on the environmental variable. is